Principle comparison of two different reducers

01RV reducer

RV reducer is one of the common reducers in worm gear reducer family. It is composed of worm and worm gear, and it is a transmission machine with compact structure, large transmission ratio and self-locking function under certain conditions. It is one of the most commonly used reducers with low vibration, low noise and low energy consumption.

Working principle: RV reducer is generally used for low-speed and high-torque transmission equipment. The power of motor, internal combustion engine or other high-speed operation is meshed with the big gear on the output shaft through the gear with fewer teeth on the input shaft of the reducer to achieve the purpose of deceleration.

Ordinary reducer will also have several pairs of gears with the same principle to achieve the ideal deceleration effect. The ratio of the teeth of big and small gears is the transmission ratio. Reducer is a kind of power transmission mechanism, which uses the speed converter of gear to reduce the number of revolutions of the motor to the required number and get a larger torque.

It is generally believed that the RV giants in the robot industry are Teijin, Sumitomo and SPINEA. It is emphasized that some reducers are also very powerful, but they are not widely used in the robot industry, such as Chai Efu, and the performance and accuracy of reducers are also very high, but they are mainly used in high-end machine tools, and there are not many industrial robots.

02 harmonic reducer

Used for the end shafts of industrial robots or large robots with small load, the harmonic reducer is a kind of harmonic transmission device, which includes harmonic accelerator and harmonic reducer. Harmonic reducer mainly includes rigid wheel, flexible wheel, bearing and wave generator, and all of them are indispensable. Among them, the number of teeth of the rigid wheel is slightly larger than that of the flexible wheel. Harmonic reducer used in small robots is characterized by small size, light weight, large bearing capacity, high motion accuracy and large single-stage transmission ratio.

Working principle: Harmonic gear reducer is composed of a rigid wheel with fixed internal teeth, a flexible wheel and a wave generator which makes the flexible wheel deform radially. Harmonic gear reducer is a new transmission structure in gear reducer, which uses the flexible gear to generate controllable elastic deformation waves, causing the teeth of the rigid wheel and the flexible wheel to stagger relatively to transmit power and motion.

This kind of transmission is essentially different from the general gear transmission, and has particularity in meshing theory, set calculation and structural design. Harmonic gear reducer has the advantages of high precision and high bearing capacity. Compared with ordinary reducer, its volume and weight are reduced by at least 1/3 because of using 50% less materials.